热风炉因负荷减少、采暖期结束及检修等原因 , 有计划的进行停炉 , 叫做正常停炉。燃煤热风炉在燃烧过程中，温度是非常高的。那么在我们在正常停炉时，应如何操作？又有哪些应注意的？热风炉正常停炉的操作方法 :

Hot blast stove stoppage is called normal stoppage because of load reduction, heating period ending and maintenance. During the combustion process, the temperature of the coal fired hot blast stove is very high. How should we operate when we stop the furnace normally? What should we pay attention to?

Normal shutdown method:

(1) 先降低热风炉的蒸发量 , 然后停止给煤。

(1) reduce the evaporation of the hot stove first and then stop the coal.

(2) 机械炉排应预先停止向热风炉上煤 , 待煤斗内的存煤全部送人炉膛后 , 停止炉排转动 ; 煤粉炉将磨煤机内的煤 , 全部磨成煤粉喷人炉内 , 烧完为止 ( 煤粉炉和沸腾炉按暂时停 炉步骤进行停炉 ) 。然后 , 将煤斗内剩煤全部清除 , 关闭煤闸板。

(2) The mechanical grate should stop feeding coal to the hot blast stove beforehand, and stop the grate rotation after all the coal stored in the coal hopper is delivered to the furnace; the pulverized coal furnace grinds all the coal in the pulverized coal mill into pulverized coal injection into the furnace and burns it up (pulverized coal furnace and fluidized bed furnace are shut down temporarily). Then, the remaining coal in the coal scuttle is removed and the coal gate is closed.

(3) 当火势减小到微弱状态时 , 关闭供汽阀 , 停止送汽 ; 待煤烧完 , 停止鼓离心风机、引风机 , 适当关小热风炉出口烟道挡 板和炉排下的通风门 , 改用自然通风 , 使炉排上的煤烧完 , 同时将自动给水改为手动给水 , 保持热风炉水位稍高于正常水位。

(3) When the fire situation decreases to a weak state, close the steam supply valve and stop the steam supply; when the coal is burnt out, stop the centrifugal blower and induced draft fan, properly close the flue baffle at the outlet of the small hot stove and the ventilation door under the grate, and use natural ventilation to burn out the coal on the grate. At the same time, change the automatic water supply to manual water supply to keep the water supply of the hot stove. The position is slightly higher than the normal water level.

(4) 关闭热风炉出口烟道挡板、炉排下的通风调节门和炉门 , 将炉排上的炉渣清除 ( 机械炉排则启动炉排 , 将灰渣送入灰渣牛内 , 并继续运转约 1h, 以冷却炉排 ), 清除灰斗和各风室内的积灰。

(4) Close the baffle of the outlet flue of the hot blast stove, the ventilation regulating door and the furnace door under the grate, and remove the slag from the grate (the mechanical grate starts the grate, feeds the slag into the ash cattle, and continues to run for about 1 hour to cool the grate), and remove the ash accumulation in the ash hopper and the air chambers.

(5) 燃煤热风炉停止供汽时 , 还要关闭隔绝阀 , 与蒸汽母管隔绝。有过热器的热风炉 , 应开启过热器出口集箱疏水阀30~50 min, 以冷却过热器 , 同时关闭连续排污阀。

(5) when the coal-fired hot blast stove stops supplying steam, it also needs to close the isolation valve and isolate it from the steam main pipe. The outlet header trap of superheater should be opened for 30 to 50 minutes in order to cool the superheater and close the continuous drain valve at the same time.

(6) 汽压下降不可以太快, 不能使热风炉快速冷却 , 汽压未降到大气压力时 , 运行人员仍应对热风炉加以监视。

(6) Steam pressure can't drop too fast and can't cool the hot stove quickly. When the steam pressure does not drop to atmospheric pressure, operators should still monitor the hot stove.

(7) 停炉后热风炉缓慢冷却 , 经过 4~6h 后 , 逐渐开启烟道挡板通风。有旁通烟道的热风炉 , 应打开旁通烟道 , 关闭铸铁省煤器烟道挡板 , 但热风炉上水仍应经过省煤器 ; 如元旁通烟道 , 应开启省煤器再循环管路阀门 , 并监视省煤器出口水温应比热风炉汽压下相应的饱和温度低 40 摄氏度。若水温高于这一温度 , 可适当地采用放水、上水来降温。热风炉经过 8~10 h 停炉后。如需加速冷却时 , 可启动引风机 , 并适当增加放水和 上水的次数。停炉 18~24h 后 , 锅水温度低于 70 摄氏度时 , 方可将锅水全部放出。为使放水工作顺利进行 , 应打开锅筒的空气阀或抬起一个安全阀。

(7) after the furnace is stopped, the hot blast stove is slowly cooled, and after 4~6h, the ventilation of the flue duct is gradually opened. Hot blast stove with bypass flue should open bypass flue and close the baffle of cast iron economizer flue, but the upper water of hot blast stove should pass through economizer; if bypass flue is Yuan, the valve of economizer recirculation pipeline should be opened, and the outlet water temperature of economizer should be monitored to be 40 degrees below the corresponding saturation temperature under steam pressure of hot blast stove. If the water temperature is higher than this temperature, the water can be appropriately used to cool down. The hot blast stove is stopped after 8~10 H. If accelerating cooling is needed, the induced draft fan can be activated and the number of water discharge and water supply shall be increased appropriately. After the 18~24h is stopped, the boiler water can be released completely when the pot water temperature is below 70 degrees Celsius. To make the water discharge work smoothly, the air valve of the boiler should be opened or a safety valve should be raised.

(8) 热风炉放水之后 , 应将蒸汽、给 水、排 污等管路与其他并列运行的热风炉 , 用堵板 ( 盲板 ) 全部隔绝 ,方可进入炉内进行工作。

(8) After the hot-blast stove discharges water, steam, water supply and sewage pipes should be separated from other parallel hot-blast stoves, so that they can enter the stove for work.

停炉注意事项 :

Points for attention:

1) 停炉前应对烟道进行一次吹扫。

1) blow out the flue before stopping.

2) 停炉前应对热风炉各部位进行一次较详细的检查 , 记下设备缺陷 , 以便停炉后处理。

2) Before stopping the stove, a detailed inspection should be carried out on all parts of the stove, and equipment defects should be recorded so as to facilitate the post-treatment of stopping the stove.

3) 停炉操作中应随时注意水位变化 , 避免缺水或满水事故的发生。

3) during the shutdown operation, attention should be paid to water level changes at any time to avoid water shortage or full water accidents.